ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CURRICULUM

Overview of the Senior School Curriculum

Senior School comprises three years of learning, namely Grades 10, 11 and 12, ideally for learners aged 15 to 17 years. It is the final level of Basic Education as provided for in the Basic Education Act, 2013.

This level lays a foundation for the world of work and further education and training at the tertiary level. Senior School serves as a pre-career stage in which learners are offered core and elective subjects.

The choice of subjects is based on the learner’s ability, career choice, interests, and personality. The curriculum is adapted for learners with special needs and disabilities, while vocational courses are provided for learners in the Stage-Based Pathway.

Curriculum for Regular Learners

The Senior School curriculum is organised into three pathways:

• Arts and Sports Science

• Social Sciences

• Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

The essence of Senior School is to offer learners a pre-tertiary, pre-university and pre-career experience, during which they choose subjects from pathways where they have demonstrated interest and/or potential at earlier levels.

Core Subjects

Each learner shall take seven (7) subjects, comprising four (4) core subjects and three (3) elective subjects.

Core Subjects for All Learners

• All learners must take English, Kiswahili/KSL, and Community Service Learning (CSL).

• Learners pursuing the STEM pathway shall take Core Mathematics.

• Learners in the Social Sciences or Arts and Sports Science pathways shall take Essential Mathematics.

• A learner in a non-STEM pathway may be allowed to take Core Mathematics if Junior School assessment results show adequate readiness.

Elective Subjects Selection

In addition to the core subjects, learners shall select three additional subjects.

• At least two subjects should be selected from the learner’s chosen pathway.

• A learner may:

  • Take three subjects from one pathway, or

  • Take two subjects from one pathway and one subject from another pathway.

• Where career demands require, a learner may take one subject from each pathway.

Subject selection shall be guided by the learner’s career aspirations, aptitude, interests, and personality, with guidance from Senior School leadership.

 List of Subjects Offered at Senior School (Grades 10, 11 and 12)

A Senior School shall offer a minimum of two pathways, depending on available resources and infrastructure.

Pathways and Subject Tracks

1. Arts and Sports Science Pathway

Subjects from other pathways may be taken as complementary subjects to enhance learner combinations.

Table 3.2: Tracks and Subjects for Arts and Sports Science

Complementary Subjects

• Any subject from the Social Sciences

• Computer Studies

• General Science

• Mathematics

• Business Studies

• Media Technology

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2. Social Sciences Pathway

This pathway has two tracks: Languages and Literature, and Humanities and Business Studies.

Tracks and Subjects in the Social Sciences Pathway

Complementary Subjects

• Mathematics

• Computer Studies

• General Science

Source: KICD, 2024

3. STEM Pathway

The STEM pathway consists of three tracks: Pure Sciences, Applied Sciences, and Technical Studies.

Table 3.4: Tracks and Subjects in the STEM Pathway

Complementary Subjects

• Geography

• Business Studies

Learners choosing subjects in Technical Studies shall be eligible for dual certification, comprising:

• Kenya Certificate of Basic Education (KCBE) awarded by KNEC upon completion of Grade 12, and

• An Artisan-equivalent certificate awarded by a recognised industrial training institution.

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